Was Iraq Better Under Saddam Hussein? - YouTube ~ The leading Info

BAGHDAD (AP) — A retired Iraqi judge who presided over the trial of Iraq's late dictator Saddam Hussein has died after battling COVID-19, the country's top judicial body said Friday.Arabic/NatIraq is preparing for a referendum on its leader, Saddam Hussein. Sunday's vote is an unprecedented move - even though Saddam is the only candidate...A retired Iraqi judge who presided over the trial of Iraq's late dictator Saddam Hussein has died after battling COVID-19, the country's top judicial body said Friday.. According to Iraq's Supreme Judicial Council, Judge Mohammed Oreibi al-Khalifa, 52, passed away in a hospital in Baghdad where he was being treated for complications from the coronavirus.The multinational force's 2003 invasion of Iraq overthrew Saddam's government and installed an interim administration. An initial Iraqi attempt at holding local elections was canceled by Paul Bremer. This government held elections on 30 January 2005 to begin the process of writing a constitution.The legacy of Saddam Hussein continues to divide Iraq. Preparations for the country's parliamentary election have been thrown into chaos by a row over a decision to ban hundreds of candidates because of alleged links to the former president's now outlawed Baath Party.

Iraq : Saddam Hussein Is Only Candidate in Forthcoming

During the 2003 American invasion of Iraq the Kurdish military groups chose to cooperate with the U.S. army. After the fall of Saddam Hussein, a Constitution was ratified in 2005, which granted Iraqi Kurdistan the status of a federal entity constitutionally and recognized Kurdish as one of the two official national languages.There were plenty of presidential elections during Saddam Hussein's reign. However, Saddam Hussein was the only candidate in all of the elections so he was always the winner. 2 0Saddam Hussein was a dictator in Iraq. Well, he went by the name of President and insisted that he was a fairly elected leader. It is important to take note that his reign was considered to be one of the most brutal reigns in Iraqi history. For over 30 years, Saddam Hussein ruled over Iraq with an iron fist. His policies were that of sheerSuccessive military coups in Iraq led to the takeover by the Ba'ath Party in 1968 and Hussein's gradual ascent to power through the 1970s. During this period, both Iran and Iraq actively used

Iraq judge who presided over Saddam's trial dies of COVID

The false promise of early elections in Iraq. during an anti-government protest in Najaf, Iraq January 12, 2020. These are the same people who criticised Saddam Hussein's dictatorshipAfter rising to power in the ruling Baath Party, Saddam was named Iraqi president in a well-orchestrated transfer of power within the party in 1979. The Baath Party got out the vote in...Kuwait into Iraq on March 19, 2003, to oust the regime of Saddam Hussein and eliminate suspected remaining WMD programs. After several weeks of combat, the regime of Saddam Hussein fell on April 9, 2003. During the 2003-2011 presence of U.S. forces, Iraq completed aThe 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War.The invasion phase began on 19 March 2003 (air) and 20 March 2003 (ground) and lasted just over one month, including 26 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq.This early stage of the war formally ended on 1 May 2003 when U.SSuccessive military coups in Iraq led to the takeover by the Ba'ath Party in 1968 and Hussein's gradual ascent to power through the 1970s. During this period, both Iran and Iraq actively used proxies to undermine each other.

Jump to navigation Jump to go looking 1995 Iraqi presidential referendum October 15, 1995 Nominee Saddam Hussein Party Ba'ath Party Alliance National Progressive Front Popular vote 8,348,700 Percentage 99.99% President earlier than election

Saddam HusseinBa'ath Party

Elected President

Saddam HusseinBa'ath Party

A presidential referendum happened in Iraq on October 15, 1995. It was once the primary direct presidential election underneath the rule of Saddam Hussein, who had seized power throughout the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) in 1979. Taking the type of a referendum without a other candidates, the election involved giving electorate paper ballots that said: "Do you approve of President Saddam Hussein being the President of the Republic?"[1][2] They then used pens to mark "yes" or "no".[2] The next day, Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri, Hussein's deputy in the ruling RCC, introduced the incumbent had received 99.96% of a few 8.4 million legitimate votes forged. Officially, 3,052 people voted against him (45 of them in Baghdad),[3][4] and turnout used to be 99.47%.[5] The international community reacted with standard incredulity to those figures.[6]

Background

The election was triggered by the August defection to Jordan of senior govt officers Hussein Kamel al-Majid and Saddam Kamel and their better halves. During the crisis that adopted, Saddam took steps to regulate the wear; the referendum used to be an try to shore up his declare to legitimacy.[7] At a September 7 assembly of the RCC, an period in-between modification to the Constitution used to be authorized wherein its chairman would robotically suppose the presidency, topic to approval of the National Assembly and endorsement through nationwide plebiscite. Parliament licensed his candidacy on September 10, setting the level for the meticulously organised election.[6]

Prior to the election, Ba'ath Party participants visited properties, making sure to ask if families had ration cards (on the time, meals was once scarce because of the Iraq sanctions); the transparent implication was once that the wrong kind of vote could mean no food.[8] Voters were required to call kinfolk on their ballots and, in accordance to a couple opposition studies, were threatened with punishment against their households in the event that they voted "no". In a November record, the UN Special Rapporteur noted that on account of the intrusiveness of the security apparatus "virtually no citizen would risk demonstrating any opposition to the Presidency or Government—or would do so at his mortal peril";[9] the perception that fighters would face some sort of retribution was shared by most observers.[10] During the election, which served to emphasize that the Baath Party and the RCC were the rustic's true centres of power, loyal and tenacious party cadres introduced citizens in droves to the polling stations,[11] themselves swamped with pro-Hussein propaganda.[12] The outcome showed that Iraqis' worry of Saddam was once more than the serious hardship that had resulted from the sanctions.[13]

Preparations

The campaign concerned endless glorification of Saddam; for example, General Ali Hassan al-Majid declared, "O lofty mountain! O glory of Iraq! By God we have always found you in the most difficult conditions a roaring lion and a courageous horseman, one of the few true men".[14] Saddam himself by no means gave the impression in public previous to the election, but paid supporters streamed in the course of the streets, shouting "Naam, naam, Saddam" ("Yes, yes, Saddam"). A highlight got here four days prior to the vote at an Iraq-Qatar football game, when a dejected, pensive-looking Uday Hussein (typically glamorized) was shown on tv, disappointed by means of what the announcer claimed was once a (most certainly fictitious) hearth that Saddam had set to his dear cars as punishment for attacking Watban Ibrahim al-Tikriti and for the defections; soon afterward, Uday's position used to be greater as he sought to lure the men and their better halves again to Iraq.[3]

Confident of popular participation, the federal government invited some 500 foreign reporters to witness the exercise; turnout (a minimum of in Baghdad) was once large enough to impress the visiting reporters, even though the respectable determine was once no doubt exaggerated.[14] One Western ambassador used to be inspired by the show of pressure involved, together with a unanimous vote from Karbala (centre of the 1991 Shiite rebellion towards Saddam): "If this referendum proves anything, it is that the party is firmly in control of Iraq and Saddam runs it with an iron fist. If they can organize a referendum like this in less than three weeks, mobilize party cadres in every village, hamlet, town and city, produce precise lists for eight million voters and march all of them to the polls to say 'yes' unanimously, it means they are not about to fall".[15]

Unfolding

The most commonplace sentiment heard from bizarre voters used to be that Saddam had managed to stay the rustic in combination and provided strong management, implying his overthrow would result in the sort of chaos noticed in Bosnia and Herzegovina or Lebanon.[14] The top foreign observer was Russian nationalist flesh presser Vladimir Zhirinovsky, who was handled to a palace feast with Hussein, Tariq Aziz and other top officers in a while prior to balloting started. Following the election, on October 17 Hussein used to be sworn into his new term in a televised ceremony; Aziz pledged political reforms, together with parliamentary elections that came about the next yr.[15]

Results

Choice Votes % For 8,348,700 99.99 Against 984 0.01 Invalid/clean votes 7,876 – Total 8,357,560 100 Registered voters/turnout 8,402,321 99.47 Source: Direct Democracy

Notes

^ Nohlen, Dieter; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (eds.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook, Volume 2, p.102. Oxford University Press US (2001), .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"\"""\"""'""'".mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em middle/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:linear-gradient(clear,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")correct 0.1em middle/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:linear-gradient(transparent,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")correct 0.1em heart/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolour:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:lend a hand.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:linear-gradient(transparent,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em heart/12px no-repeat.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintshow:none;colour:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em.mw-parser-output .quotation .mw-selflinkfont-weight:inheritISBN 0-19-924958-X ^ a b Youssef M. Ibrahim, "Iraqis Go to Polls; Guess Who Will Win", The New York Times, October 15, 1995 ^ a b Yahia, Latif; Wendl, Karl. I Was Saddam's Son, p.281-2. Arcade Publishing (1997), ISBN 1-55970-373-3 ^ "No Surprise in Iraqi Vote", The New York Times, October 17, 1995. Ibrahim declared: "It is an immortal day in the history of Arabism and Islam. It is a blow to the states that have harbored enmity toward Iraq and raised unjustified doubts about the legitimacy of its regime or the right of its people to choose the form of government they like." ^ Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Root, Hilton L. Governing for Prosperity, p.62. Yale University Press (2000), ISBN 0-300-08018-2 ^ a b Taylor & Francis Group. The Middle East and North Africa 2004, p.465. Routledge (2003), ISBN 1-85743-184-7 ^ Freedman, Robert Owen. The Middle East and the Peace Process: The Impact of the Oslo Accords, p.229. University Press of Florida (1998), ISBN 0-8130-1554-5 ^ Purdum, Todd. S. A Time of Our Choosing: America's War in Iraq, p.25. Macmillan (2003), ISBN 0-8050-7562-3 ^ Cordesman, Anthony H.; Hashim, Ahmed. Iraq: Sanctions and Beyond, p.117. Westview Press (1997), ISBN 0-8133-3236-2 ^ Kryzanek, Michael J. Comparative Politics: A Policy Approach, p.440. Westview Press (2003), ISBN 0-8133-9792-8 ^ Hiro, Dilip. Iraq: In the Eye of the Storm, p.66. Thunder's Mouth Press (2002), ISBN 1-56025-477-7 ^ "Iraqis Go to Polls to Vote on Hussein", The New York Times, October 16, 1995 ^ Mackey, Sandra. The Reckoning: Iraq and the Legacy of Saddam Hussein, p.305. W. W. Norton & Company (2002), ISBN 0-393-32428-1 ^ a b c Hiro, Dilip. Neighbors, Not Friends: Iraq and Iran after the Gulf Wars, p.97. Routledge (2001), ISBN 0-415-25412-4 ^ a b Youssef M. Ibrahim, "Vote Leaves Iraqi as Winner and West at a Loss", The New York Times, October 18, 1995 vte Elections and referendums in IraqParliamentary elections 1922–24 1925 1928 1930 1933 1934 1935 1936–37 1937 1939 1943 1946–47 1948 1953 1954 (Jun) 1954 (Sep) 1958 1980 1984 1989 1996 2000 2005 (Jan) 2005 (Dec) 2010 2014 2018 2021Presidential elections 1995 2002Governorate elections 2005 2009 2013 2014 NextReferendums 1921 2005See additionally: Elections and referendums in Iraqi Kurdistan Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1995_Iraqi_presidential_referendum&oldid=956579473"